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When a lender sells a loan to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, the lender makes "representations and warranties" about the loan. What happens if these are breached?

General Mortgage Knowledge · 20% of the SAFE exammedium

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Correct answer: The investor can demand a "repurchase" — forcing the originator to buy the loan back

Representations and warranties (reps and warrants) are the originator's contractual guarantees that the loan meets investor standards — proper underwriting, accurate documentation, verified income, adequate collateral. If a rep is breached (e.g., income was misrepresented, appraisal was inflated), the investor can issue a REPURCHASE DEMAND, forcing the originator to buy the loan back at par. This repurchase risk is why quality underwriting matters — sloppy origination creates future buyback liability that can threaten a lender's financial stability.

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