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A borrower has a 5/1 ARM with a current SOFR index of 4.25% and a margin of 2.75%. The initial teaser rate of 3.50% has just expired. Assuming no rate caps apply, what is the borrower's new fully indexed rate?

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Correct answer: 7.00% — the fully indexed rate equals the index plus the margin

The fully indexed rate on an ARM equals the Index + Margin. In this case: SOFR index (4.25%) + margin (2.75%) = 7.00%. The margin is set by the lender at origination and remains constant for the life of the loan. The index (SOFR, which replaced LIBOR after its June 2023 discontinuation) fluctuates with market conditions. The teaser rate is a temporarily reduced introductory rate that does not persist after the initial fixed period. Neither the index alone nor the margin alone represents the borrower's rate — both components are required. Rate caps (initial, periodic, and lifetime) may limit the actual rate charged, but the fully indexed rate is always calculated as index + margin before caps are applied.

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